美联储发布 2025 年消费者财务调查结果，为公众和政策制定者提供有关美国家庭经济状况的详细见解

2026 年 10 月 9 日
美联储发布 2025 年消费者财务调查结果，为公众和政策制定者提供有关美国家庭经济状况的详细见解
于美国东部时间上午 10:00 发布
美联储周五公布了 2025 年消费者财务调查结果，该调查为公众和政策制定者提供了有关美国家庭经济状况的详细见解。
这些数据提供了美国人拥有什么、借款方式和金额以及银行存款方式的代表性图景。当前版本的调查自 1989 年以来每三年进行一次，为公众提供了有关美国家庭经济状况的广泛时间序列的全面信息。除了调查数据外，委员会还发布了题为《2022 年至 2025 年美国家庭财务状况变化》的摘要报告 (PDF)，该报告审查了收入、净值、资产、债务和财务脆弱性的变化。
2025 年调查的主要结果包括：
2022 年至 2025 年的调查期间，实际家庭收入中位数增长了 7%，达到 82,200 美元，而实际平均家庭收入下降了 6%，达到 145,200 美元。收入和净资产分布较低端的家庭的中位收入和平均收入略有增长，而较高端的家庭则出现下降。
2022 年至 2025 年间，实际净资产中位数增长了 2%，达到 215,900 美元，而实际平均净资产则增长了 7%，达到 124 万美元。大多数家庭的净资产和收入分布都经历了中位数和平均财富的增加。
2025 年房屋拥有率为 66%，与 2022 年基本持平。对于拥有房屋的家庭来说，房屋净值中位数（房屋价值减去抵押贷款等房屋担保债务）将从 2022 年的 218,900 美元升至 2025 年的 230,000 美元。
退休计划参与率（包括账户类型计划、个人退休账户或固定福利计划）在 2022 年至 2025 年间略有上升，约为 65%。对于拥有账户型计划的家庭来说，平均余额和中位数余额有所上升。
股票市场的参与度（包括直接股票和间接持有）从 2022 年的 58% 略有下降到 2025 年的 56%。在持有股票的情况下，股票持有量中位数从 2022 年的 56,900 美元增长到 2025 年的 77,400 美元，增长了 36%。
拥有任何类型债务的家庭比例稳定在 77%。未偿债务中位数和平均数与 2022 年相比保持不变。
债务支付与收入比率超过 40% 的家庭（即相对于收入而言债务支付义务特别高的家庭）比例从 6.5% 上升至 8.6%，这是 2013 年调查中最后一次出现的水平。
除了摘要报告之外，此处还提供了显示这些财务特征随时间变化的交互式图表。调查的其他数据，包括检查美国家庭其他经济状况的大量数据，已在此处向研究人员和公众开放。
该调查由芝加哥大学社会科学研究组织 NORC 为委员会进行。该研究的参与者是从 119 个地理区域（包括美国大都市地区和乡村县）中随机挑选的，采用科学抽样程序，旨在产生代表美国家庭的样本。
对于媒体查询，请发送电子邮件至 [email protected] 或致电 (202) 452-2955。
2022 年至 2025 年美国家庭财务状况变化消费者财务状况调查证据 (PDF)

October 09, 2026
Federal Reserve Board releases results of the 2025 Survey of Consumer Finances, which provides the public and policymakers with detailed insights into the economic condition of American families
For release at 10:00 a.m. EDT
The Federal Reserve Board on Friday released the results of the 2025 Survey of Consumer Finances, which provides the public and policymakers with detailed insights into the economic condition of American families.
The data provide a representative picture of what Americans own, how and how much they borrow, and how they bank. The current version of the survey has been undertaken every three years since 1989 and provides the public with an extensive time series of thorough information on the economic conditions of American families. Alongside the survey data, the Board issued its summary report entitled Changes in U.S. Family Finances from 2022 to 2025 (PDF) , which examines changes in income, net worth, assets, debt, and financial vulnerability.
Key findings from the 2025 survey include:
Real median family income rose 7 percent between the 2022 to 2025 surveys to $82,200, while real mean family income fell 6 percent to $145,200. Families in the lower ends of the income and net worth distributions saw modest increases in median and mean income, while families in the upper ends saw declines.
Between 2022 and 2025, real median net worth rose by 2 percent to $215,900, while real mean net worth rose by 7 percent to $1.24 million. Most families across the net worth and income distributions experienced increases in median and mean wealth.
The homeownership rate was 66 percent in 2025, about unchanged from 2022. For families that owned a home, the median net housing value (the value of a home minus home-secured debt, such as a mortgage) rose to $230,000 in 2025 from $218,900 in 2022.
Retirement plan participation, which includes account-type plans, individual retirement accounts, or defined benefit plans, was up slightly between 2022 and 2025 at around 65 percent. For families with account-type plans, mean and median balances rose.
Participation in the stock market, which includes direct stock and indirect holdings, declined slightly from 58 percent in 2022 to 56 percent in 2025. Conditional on holding stock, median stock holdings grew 36 percent from $56,900 in 2022 to $77,400 in 2025.
The fraction of families with any type of debt remained about stable at 77 percent. Median and mean debt outstanding remained unchanged from 2022.
The fraction of families with debt payment-to-income ratios greater than 40 percent, which are families with particularly high debt payment obligations relative to their incomes, increased from 6.5 to 8.6 percent, a level last seen in the 2013 survey.
In addition to the summary report, an interactive chartbook displaying changes in these financial characteristics over time is available here . Additional data from the survey, including extensive data examining other economic conditions of American families, is made available to researchers and the public here .
The survey is conducted for the Board by NORC, a social science research organization at the University of Chicago. Participants in the study are chosen at random from 119 geographic areas, including metropolitan areas and rural counties across the United States, using scientific sampling procedures that aim to produce a sample representative of American families.
For media inquiries, please email [email protected] or call (202) 452-2955.
Changes in U.S. Family Finances from 2022 to 2025 Evidence from the Survey of Consumer Finances (PDF)