FCA 警告人工智能代理遇到代币化货币时将发生重大变动

由 Robert Lakinstaff 编辑撰写由 Yohan Yunstaff 作家审阅

由罗伯特·拉金斯塔夫编辑撰写

由 Yohan Yunstaff 作家评论

最新消息发布2026 年 7 月 6 日

FCA 对代理人工智能的愿景指向了一个金融系统，在这个系统中，可编程货币和代币化资产可以发挥更大的作用。

英国金融行为监管局 (FCA) 发布了针对零售金融服务的广泛监管蓝图，警告零售金融服务正在朝着由自主“代理人工智能”驱动的全面自动化迈进。

由执行董事 Sheldon Mills 牵头的这份具有里程碑意义的报告《人工智能与零售金融服务的未来》详细介绍了从周期性的、以人为主导的决策转向持续的、自动化的金融服务的结构性转变，这种服务可能越来越依赖于可编程的金融基础设施。

米尔斯写道：“核心转变是从人类主导的、间歇性的金融活动转向人工智能驱动的、连续的和委托的服务。”一月份，FCA 启动了一项关于先进人工智能对消费者、零售金融市场和监管机构影响的审查。

这份长达 147 页的报告正值生成式人工智能与机构加密货币采用相遇的拐点。随着金融系统向自主投资组合和现金管理过渡，传统的法定银行轨道在结构上被认为无法与机器交易速度相匹配。这将系统性稳定币和代币化银行存款定位为人工智能驱动的金融服务的潜在结算基础设施。

它概述了 FCA 需要考虑的七项建议，包括启用“代理金融的基础”，这将支持可信代理协议的开发，从而支持代理人工智能的使用，以及“扩大 FCA 的人工智能实验室以支持金融服务中的人工智能模型和系统创新。”

相关：英国计划改变稳定币、代币化存款的支付规则

FCA 设想代理商处于“自治范围”

米尔斯报告表明，催化剂是人工智能从预测模型快速演变为在“自治范围”上运行的独立代理。在这个范围的远端，人类仅仅充当“观察者”，而人工智能则持续管理资本。

表标题的屏幕截图显示了 FCA 如何看待操作员活动在人工智能自治范围内移动时可能发生的变化。资料来源：金融行为监管局。

这一转变的加速速度超过了之前的监管时间表，仅自 2025 年底以来就发布了 20 多个前沿模型。

米尔斯在报告的前言中表示：“企业正在从建议行动的系统转向经过授权和培训的系统来采取行动，消费者很快就会获得代表他们采取行动的代理人。” FCA 研究表明，20% 的英国成年人已经愿意让人工智能做出自主财务选择。

为了让这些人工智能代理无缝执行多层交易策略，它们需要可编程的即时结算机制。传统的多天结算延迟仍然是运营瓶颈。由于系统性稳定币和代币化资产本身存在于可编程账本网络上，因此它们提供了自动化协议所需的无摩擦原子结算，可以在无需人工许可的情况下立即转移资本。

然而，这种自动化带来了有关法律责任的严重公司治理风险。

该评论强调了行业对这种模糊性日益增长的焦虑，并指出一位首席执行官观察到，金融行业最终可能需要“图灵测试”来准确地区分市场上的人类意图和自主算法行为。

支付协会首席执行官 Emma Banymandhub 在一份声明中表示：“FCA 的 Mills Review 强调，企业现在应该将代理人工智能视为问责和治理问题，同时随着人工智能采用的加速，提供更大的信心以负责任的方式进行创新。” “人工智能在金融服务方面具有巨大潜力，但实现这一潜力将取决于强有力的治理、明确的问责制和维护消费者的信任。”

米尔斯在 FCA 工作了八年后即将离职，他在报告发布前告诉英国《金融时报》，管理者仍然需要对其人工智能模型的行为负责。 “你需要一个人来为他们正在做的事情承担责任，”他说。

杂志：人工智能正在为非洲无银行账户的人提供银行服务......比加密货币更快

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英国

人工智能

零售

金融服务

监管

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Written by Robert Lakinstaff editorReviewed by Yohan Yunstaff writer

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Reviewed by Yohan Yunstaff writer

FCA warns of major shakeup as AI agents meet tokenized money

Latest NewsPublishedJul 6, 2026

The FCA’s vision for agentic AI points toward a financial system where programmable money and tokenized assets could play a much larger role.

The United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has issued a broad regulatory blueprint for retail financial services, warning that retail financial services are hurtling toward total automation driven by autonomous “agentic AI.”

The landmark report, “AI and the future of retail financial services,” spearheaded by executive director Sheldon Mills, details a structural shift away from periodic, human-led decisions toward continuous, automated financial services that could increasingly rely on programmable financial infrastructure.

“The central shift is from human-led, episodic financial activity towards services that are AI-enabled, continuous and delegated,” Mills wrote. In January, the FCA launched a review into the implications of advanced AI on consumers, retail financial markets and regulators.

The 147-page report comes at an inflection point where generative AI meets institutional crypto adoption. As financial systems transition to autonomous portfolio and cash management, legacy fiat banking rails are seen as structurally incapable of matching machine transaction speeds. This positions systemic stablecoins and tokenized bank deposits as potential settlement infrastructure for AI-driven financial services.

It outlines seven recommendations for the FCA to consider, including enabling “the foundations for agentic finance,” which would support the development of trusted agent protocols that would underpin use of agentic AI and “scaling up the FCA's AI Lab to support AI models and system innovation in financial services.”

Related: UK plans payments rule changes for stablecoins, tokenized deposits

FCA envisions agents on “autonomy spectrum”

The Mills Report suggests that the catalyst is the rapid evolution of AI from predictive models into independent agents operating on an “autonomy spectrum.” At the far end of this spectrum, humans act as mere "observers" while AI continuously manages capital.

Screenshot of table header that sets out how FCA sees operator activities may change as they move across the AI autonomy spectrum. Source: Financial Conduct Authority.

The acceleration of this shift has outpaced prior regulatory timelines, with more than 20 frontier models released since late 2025 alone.

“Firms are moving from systems that recommend actions to systems empowered and trained to take them, and consumers will soon gain agents that act on their behalf,” Mills said in the report’s foreword. FCA research shows that 20% of UK adults are already open to letting AI make autonomous financial choices.

For these AI agents to execute multi-layered transaction strategies seamlessly, they require programmable, instantaneous settlement mechanisms. Traditional multi-day settlement latency remains an operational bottleneck. Because systemic stablecoins and tokenized assets live natively on programmable ledger networks, they provide the friction-free, atomic settlement needed for automated protocols to move capital instantly without human clearance.

However, this automation introduces severe corporate governance risks regarding legal accountability.

The review highlights growing industry anxiety over this ambiguity, noting that one CEO observed that the financial sector may eventually require a "Turing test" to accurately distinguish between human intent and autonomous algorithmic behavior in the market.

“The FCA’s Mills Review reinforces that firms should treat agentic AI as an accountability and governance issue now, while providing greater confidence to innovate responsibly as AI adoption accelerates,” Emma Banymandhub, CEO of The Payments Association, said in a statement. “AI has enormous potential for financial services, but realising that potential will depend on strong governance, clear accountability and maintaining consumer trust.”

Mills, who is leaving after eight years at the FCA, told The Financial Times ahead of the report’s release that managers would still need to be accountable for the actions of their AI models. “You need a human on the hook for what they’re doing,” he said.

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FCA 警告人工智能代理遇到代币化货币时将发生重大变动FCA warns of major shakeup as AI agents meet tokenized money