剑桥估计，以太坊每年消耗 7.87 GWh，在所研究的权益证明网络中，按市场价值调整后的能源强度排名第二低。 剑桥大学的一项新研究将以太坊置于主要权益证明 (PoS) 区块链中能源强度较低的位置，尽管该网络总体上仍然比大多数研究的 PoS 网络使用更多的电力。 剑桥替代金融中心估计，以太坊上的活动每年消耗约 7.87 吉瓦时 (GWh) 的电力。根据市场价值进行调整后，该网络每 100 万美元市场价值使用约 33 千瓦时 (kWh)，这是评估的权益证明网络中第二低的数字，仅次于 BNB Chain。 Solana 用电量最多，每年约 13.48 GWh。其能源强度约为每 100 万美元 283 kWh，约为以太坊的 8.5 倍，而比较中的网络总共消耗约 38 GWh。
该报告提供了迄今为止对以太坊合并后足迹最详细的评估之一，为政策制定者和投资者提供了比较区块链可持续性的更新基础。 2022 年 9 月的合并，当网络从工作量证明 (PoW) 共识机制过渡到 PoS 时，以太坊的能源消耗减少了约 99.96%。 合并后以太坊消费的图示。资料来源：剑桥 此次合并取代了使用能源密集型计算设备的矿工与通过抵押以太币来保护网络安全的验证者相互竞争。 相关：Vitalik Buterin 分享新“精益以太坊”草图的优先事项 新的估计绘制了以太坊的能源使用情况 剑桥测量了以太坊节点在 20 个网络主要软件客户端组合的连接点使用的电量。研究发现，典型的家庭设置功耗约为 18 瓦，而功能更强大的工作站功耗约为 153 瓦。
使用以太坊的住宅和专业托管节点组合，研究人员估计每个节点的平均功耗约为 105 瓦。剑桥统计了大约 8,522 个可发现的全节点，其中 64% 在云或企业设施中运行，36% 在住宅连接上运行。 剑桥表示，以太坊的剩余排放现在主要由为其节点供电的电网驱动。该研究估计，该网络的电力结构中约 56.4% 来自可再生能源和核能，而 43.6% 来自化石燃料。 杂志：比特币接近熊市后期：Jamie Coutts，Real Vision
Cambridge estimated that Ethereum consumes 7.87 GWh annually and has the second-lowest market-value-adjusted energy intensity among the proof-of-stake networks studied.
A new Cambridge University study placed Ethereum near the lower end of energy intensity among major proof-of-stake (PoS) blockchains, although the network still used more electricity overall than most of the PoS networks studied.
The Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance estimated that activity on Ethereum consumes about 7.87 gigawatt-hours (GWh) of electricity annually. When adjusted for market value, the network used roughly 33 kilowatt-hours (kWh) per $1 million of market value, the second-lowest figure among the proof-of-stake networks assessed, behind BNB Chain.
Solana used the most electricity, at about 13.48 GWh per year. Its energy intensity was roughly 283 kWh per $1 million, around 8.5 times Ethereum’s, while the networks in the comparison consumed about 38 GWh combined.
The report provides one of the most detailed assessments yet of Ethereum’s post-merge footprint, giving policymakers and investors a more current basis for comparing blockchain sustainability. The September 2022 merge, when the network transitione from a proof-of-work (PoW) consensus mechanism to PoS, reduced Ethereum's energy consumption by approximately 99.96%.
Illustration of post-merge Ethereum consumption. Source: Cambridge
The merge replaced miners competing with one another using energy-intensive computing equipment with validators who secure the network by staking Ether.
Related: Vitalik Buterin shares priorities for new 'Lean Ethereum' strawmap
New estimates map Ethereum’s energy use
Cambridge measured how much electricity Ethereum nodes used at the point of connection across 20 combinations of the network’s main software clients. It found that a typical home setup used about 18 watts, while a more powerful workstation used roughly 153 watts.
Using Ethereum’s mix of residential and professionally hosted nodes, the researchers estimated an average power draw of about 105 watts per node. Cambridge counted around 8,522 discoverable full nodes, with 64% running in cloud or enterprise facilities and 36% on residential connections.
Cambridge said Ethereum’s remaining emissions are now driven mainly by the electricity grids supplying its nodes. The study estimated that about 56.4% of the network’s electricity mix came from renewable and nuclear sources, compared with 43.6% from fossil fuels.
Magazine: Bitcoin nearing late stages of bear market: Jamie Coutts, Real Vision
